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Please complete the initial discussion board and reply to 2 classmates- APA format
after you submit the initial post I will give you the classmates post and you will respond to the 2.Please complete the intial question and then you have an additional day to complete the replies
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EDUC 530
QUESTIONUsing George Polya’s four-step problem solving strategy (Johnson et al., 2018, pp. 114-115) explain
how you might model problem solving steps while integrating some of the “Twelve strategies: Tools for
Problem Solving” found on page 115 of our text. Finally how might a problem based classroom differ
from a traditional mathematics classroom?
Threads must be 300 words, and replies must be at least 150 words. You should include at least 1 citation in
your initial post and one citation in at least 1 reply. Remember to include a reference list in current APA
style.
DISCUSSION GRADING RUBRIC
Content 70%
Advanced
Thread
18 points
Content
All key components of the
Discussion prompt are
answered in the thread. The
thread has a clear, logical flow.
Major points are stated clearly.
Major points are supported by
good examples or thoughtful
analysis.
Proficient
16 to 17 points
Most of the components of the
Discussion prompt are answered in
the thread. The thread has a logical
flow. Major points are stated
reasonably well. Major points are
supported by good examples or
thoughtful analysis.
Developing
1 to 15 points
The Discussion prompt is
addressed minimally. The thread
lacks flow or content. Major
points are unclear or confusing.
Major points are not supported
by examples or thoughtful
analysis.
Not Present
0 points
Not present
Page 1 of 2
EDUC 530
Replies
10 points
Each reply focuses on a
meaningful point made in
another student’s thread. Each
reply provides substantive
additional thoughts regarding
the thread and an explanation
of why the student agrees or
disagrees with the idea
presented in the thread. Each
reply is clear and coherent.
Structure 30%
Advanced
Post
5 to 6 points
Grammar,
Spelling and grammar are
Spelling, & correct. Sentences are
Current APA complete, clear, and concise.
Paragraphs contain
appropriately varied sentence
structures. Where applicable,
references are cited in current
APA format
Post Word
4 points
Count
Minimum word count of 300
words met, but not exceeded
by more than 100 words
Replies
4 points
Word Count At least 2 replies are present
and a minimum word count of
150 words is met but not
exceeded by more than 100
words
9 points
Replies generally focus on a
meaningful point made in another
student’s thread. Replies generally
provide substantive additional
thoughts regarding the thread and
an explanation of why the student
likes or dislikes the idea presented
in the thread. Replies are generally
clear and coherent.
1 to 8 points
Replies somewhat focus on a
point made in another student’s
thread. Replies could be more
substantive regarding the thread.
Replies lack clarity and
coherence.
0 points
Not present
Proficient
4 points
Some spelling and grammar errors.
Sentences are presented well.
Paragraphs contain some varied
sentence structures. Where
applicable, references are cited
with some current APA
formatting.
Developing
1 to 3 points
Spelling and grammar errors
distract. Sentences are
incomplete or unclear.
Paragraphs are poorly formed.
Where applicable, references are
minimally or not cited in current
APA format.
Not Present
0 points
Not present
3 points
Word count of 250 words met
1 to 2 points
Word count of 200 words met
0 points
Not present
3 points
At least 2 replies are present, or a
minimum word count of 100
words is met
1 to 2 points
At least 1 reply is present, or a
minimum word count of 1 – 99
words is met
0 points
Not present
Page 2 of 2
Classmate #1“Teachers find problems based in children’s experiences that require mathematical
skills and concepts. Students encounter problems through realistic situations,
imagined stories, puzzles, games, and manipulative activities” (Johnson et al., 2018,
p.112). George Polya developed a four-step problem solving organizer, like the
scientific method, that children can use to solve any math problem. The steps include:
Identify the problem or question, propose a solution, carry out the plan, look back and
evaluate the solution.
The text identifies twelve strategies for solving math problems for elementary
mathematics. Using these strategies, students can expand upon the methods of
George Polya’s four steps. For example, to understand a simple math problem
pertaining to patterns a student would identify a pattern, build a model of the pattern,
or draw a picture of the pattern. If the student were asked to extend the pattern, he
would use trial and error, and work backwards to check his work. These two strategies
would be proposing the solution, carrying out the plan, and evaluating the solution.
A problem-based classroom differs from a traditional mathematics classroom in
multiple ways. The first way the classrooms differ is the layout of the classroom. In a
traditional classroom desks are arranged individually, and forward facing, and the
teacher is the central focus. In a problem based, or project based, classroom, the desks
are aligned in groups for centers, a rug for group discussion, and tables in the room for
instructional support activities. A traditional classroom relies heavily on directinstruction, while a problem-based classroom utilizes a variety of methods and
supports student-led projects. According to Johnson et al., “although curriculum goals
are established by standards, problem-based investigations provide a way that
students can push the curriculum. Providing time and support for project-based
learning stimulates students to be independent learners” (Johnson et al., 2018, 5-3e).
Johnson, A., Tipps, S. & Kennedy, L. (2018). Guiding Children’s Learning of
Mathematics (13th ed.). Cengage.
Classmate #2When a student is presented with a problem and neither the answer nor the procedure
is known, they need to be aware of the steps they can use to address and answer a
problem. Students could use a four-step strategy suggested by George Polya. His
strategy can be applied to all types of problem solving and it resembles the scientific
method. In elementary mathematics, Polya’s steps may be called understand, plan, do,
and check back (Johnson et al., 2018, p. 115). Basically, a student must determine the
problem, suggest a resolution, follow through with their strategy, and assess their
results.
In our text there are “Twelve strategies: Tools for Problem Solving”, which are tools
students can use to solve problems (Johnson et al., 2018, p. 115). These tools are
highly effective for solving mathematical problems, especially with elementary school
students. Students can also incorporate George Polya’s four-step strategy into any of
these twelve strategies. For instance, If I were to model using the finding a pattern
strategy, along with incorporating Polya’s four-steps for my students, it would look
something like this; I would decide what pattern that is to be found, which would be the
understand step. Next, I would determine the process of how I will find the pattern,
which would fall under the planning step. Then I will look for the pattern, which would
be incorporating the do step of Polya’s strategy. Lastly, I would apply the pattern to
solve the problem, which would be the check back step. For another example, building
a model is another one of the twelve strategies I could model for my students. For the
understand step, I would model determining what situation or problem needs to be
solved. Next, to plan, I would decide how I could build a model that will be relevant to
the situation or problem at hand. Next, for the do step, I would build the model. Lastly, I
would check back and evaluate my model and incorporate it into answering the
problem. The four-step strategy of Polya can be used with any of the Twelve strategies
for problem solving, the others being act it out, draw a picture, make a table or graph,
write a mathematical sentence, guess and check, account for all possibilities, solve a
simpler problem, work backward, dimensional analysis, and break set (Johnson et al.,
2018, p. 115).
Problem solving classrooms would be encouraging and motivating environments that
encourage children to think through problems, while providing them with the tools and
strategies to solve them. I believe there would be more challenges, struggles, and math
anxiety in a traditional classroom that does not focus on problem solving strategies.
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Explanation & Answer:
300 Words
2 Posts
Tags:
mathematical skills
George Polya
Four Step Problem
solving strategy
model problem
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