University of Oklahoma Resilient Flooring and Plastics Questions

Description

You will have to read the PowerPoint file and the PDF file to answer the questions on the word file. DON’T google anything, all answers are on the PowerPoint and PDF.

3 attachmentsSlide 1 of 3attachment_1attachment_1attachment_2attachment_2attachment_3attachment_3

Unformatted Attachment Preview

CHAPTER 7 & 8: RESILIENT
FLOORING & PLASTICS
Materials & Textiles
Fall 2020
Functional flooring for areas where easy
maintenance, low cost, and durability are
required
Some products have a “wear layer” with a photographic “foil”
underneath, and some products contain the pattern or color
throughout the thickness of the material – as a result, there is no
top layer that can be degraded.
For commercial applications, look for wear layers of at least 0.05
inch, with an overall thickness of 0.08 inch.
Be weary of material selection as some products can be:
Can become scratched, stained.
• Subjected to heavy foot traffic that fades colors and patterns or
degrades the surface of the material.
• Susceptible to fading from exposure to sunlight.
•
LINOLEUM
FEATURES
•
Natural product, formed from linseed oil, wood powder,
pigments, other ingredients, which are then applied to natural
backing, such as jute; which also makes it a renewable product
•
Very durable and can also withstand heavy foot traffic, which
makes it a great product for corridors. However, if you choose
a product with a wear layer, the pattern or color can be
degraded as a result of repeated pedestrian use.
•
“Color-through” or integral products will contain pattern or color
throughout the entire thickness and will not degrade.
•
Sheets are available in 6’ widths and are easily installed in
commercial spaces. Seams can be eliminated through the heat
welding process.
APPLICATIONS
•
•
•
•
•
•
Healthcare
Retail
Commercial
Industrial
Residential
Educational
_Naturally antistatic, which means it resists indentations
_Meets ASTM and NFPA criteria for smoke development
and critical radiant flux with a Class I rating
_Not affected by blood or other bodily fluids
_Can be cleaned with most chemicals
CORK
CORK FLOORING TYPES
•
Tiles made of cork veneer that can have various
colors and patterns with cork backing; ranging in
thickness from 1/8” to 1/2” in varying sizes.
•
Laminated cork products are often made with a
“tongue and groove” system, where tiles click
and lock together and are not attached to
substrate.
•
Expands and contracts with humidity changes.
•
Available in unfinished and finished products.
Unfinished products are susceptible to staining.
5 coats High Performance Water based Finish
36” Length X 12” Width X 7/16” (10-11mm) Thickness
1/8″ Cork Top Layer
1/4″ HDF Core,
1/16″ Cork Underlayment Backer
FEATURES
• Fire resistant
• Porous
• Tremendous thermal and acoustic
properties
• Can withstand heavy traffic and weight
• Can recover well from compression
• Considered comfortable to stand on
• Aesthetically pleasing
• Can provide a look of natural materials and
a soft feel
LEATHER
FEATURES & MAINTENANCE
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Considered a luxury product for light traffic use
Available in different shapes and sizes
Various colors and textures available
Comfortable underfoot
More beautiful over time as they wear in
Sensitive to UV rays and quickly fade
Must be sealed to protect from staining
Leather floors should be waxed at installation on-site
Other than waxing, there is no recommended way of
cleaning leather floors
VCT
[VINYL COMPOSITION TILE]
FEATURES
• Durable and long lasting
• Easily disinfected
• Flame retardant
• Mold resistant
• Abrasion and staining resistance
• Affordable cost
DISADVANTAGES
• Semi-porous, but resistant to moisture absorption
• Poor sound absorption
• VCT is the most brittle of the resilient flooring products
FEATURES OF THROUGH-COLOR VINYL TILE
•
•
•
•
•
•
Color (and pattern) appearing on the surface
extends throughout the entire thickness of the tile,
so it can maintain its aesthetic appearance even as
the surface begins to wear over time
General tile sizes available from 12”x12” to 36”x36,”
sheets are available in 3-6’ widths and are generally
40’ in length
Commercial grade is usually at least 1/8” thick
Wide variety of colors and patterns
Easy to install – tiles are placed next to each other
without a grout joint
Fairly low maintenance, only require mopping and
occasional refinishing to the sealer
15
SPECIFYING VCT
ASTM F1066 Specification for Vinyl Composition Floor Tile
• This spec section includes methods to test VCT’s several
characteristics, such as – impact resistance, chemical
resistance, size, indentations, squareness, and dimensional
stability
*Squareness – the quality of being a square in shape and being straight, even, or level
•
VCT can be separated into three classes
Class 1 – monolithic (solid color throughout)
Class 2 – material with surface decoration
Class 3 – material with printed decorative surface
Type A – smooth surface
Type B – embossed surface
Armstrong VCT
2017 Fall Jingfen Guo
Armstrong VCT
2017 Fall Jingfen Guo
OTHER TYPES OF VINYL TILE
SOLID VINYL TILE
• Includes a higher percentage of vinyl than VCT (30% vinyl,
roughly 60% limestone)
• Sizes of tile all the way up to 36”x36”
• SVT is also more expensive than VCT
• May be high or low gloss
• Solid vinyl tile for commercial areas often has an similar
appearance to VCT with marbleized or color chip patterns, but
with more translucent and satin appearance
• Good for commercial and residential applications
19
OTHER TYPES OF VINYL TILE
LUXURY VINYL TILE
• More vinyl content than VCT or SVT (35% vinyl, 50%
limestone), comes in min. 1/8” thickness
• Residential vinyl flooring
• Often designed to imitate wood, stone, or ceramic materials
• May have an embossed surface
• Manufactured in sheets and cut into tiles or planks (tiles up to
18”x18” or 3’ long planks in 4” to 8” widths
SPECIFYING SVT
ASTM F1700 Standard Specification for Solid Vinyl Floor Tile
• Tests for size, thickness, squareness, residual indentation,
flexibility, dimensional stability, resistance to chemicals
*Squareness – the quality of being a square in shape and being straight, even, or level
SVT can be separated into three classes
Class 1 – monolithic (solid color throughout)
Class 2 – material with surface decoration
Class 3 – material with printed decorative surface
Type A – smooth surface
Type B – embossed surface
21
OTHER TYPES OF VINYL TILE
RESIDENTIAL SHEET VINYL
• Constructed in layers
• Residential and commercial applications – but residential
material is very different from commercial
• Usually available in 12’ widths and lengths up to 100’
• The thicker the wear layer, the more expensive and durable
the material is
a:one or more clear wear (usually
urethane)
b: the vinyl layer (printed, dyed,
embossed)
c: foam cushion interlayer
d: Fiberglass bottom or backing layer
22
OTHER TYPES OF VINYL TILE
COMMERCIAL GRADE SHEET VINYL
• Flooring is used in hospitals where the elimination for tile joints
and the use of heat-bonded seams are needed for cleanliness
• Various widths from 6 feet to 12 feet
• Very durable, but can show indentations from heavy items
placed on it over time
SPECIFYING SHEET VINYL
• ASTM F1913 and F1303 – Residual indentation, flexibility,
static load, resistance chemicals, resistant to heat and light
• ASTM F1913 – Standard thickness of sheet vinyl flooring
without a backing
• 0.075 inch for residential, light commercial, and heavy-duty
commercial
• ASTM F1303 – Standard thickness of sheet vinyl flooring with
a backing
Type 1 – 90% minimum binder content (translucent, transparent, more flexible)
Type II – 34% minimum binder content (opaque)
RUBBER
RUBBER FLOORING
FEATURES
• Durable and long lasting
• Comes in rolls, tiles, and sheets. Tile is typically
available from 12”x12” to 36”x36” sizes, and 1/8”
thickness. Sheet thickness varies from 1/12” to 1/8.”
Rolls are 3-6’ in width.
• Comes in many colors with embossed patterns
• Seams can tightly adjoin each other, or heat welded
for seamless installation
• Rubber flooring with raised discs can be used for
providing more slip resistance and industrial aesthetic;
• Functions as a detectable warning surface for people
with low or no vision
• Indoor and outdoor applications
• Naturally slip resistant with a COF of 0.8 or higher.
SITE CONSIDERATIONS
ACCOUNT FOR EXISTING CONDITIONS
• The condition of substrate may require additional materials: leveling
concrete or plywood or particle board. Divots or inconsistencies in
substrate will “telegraph” to the surface material.
• Different types of edging or transition strips may be required to clean
up edges of materials.
• Moisture control – especially in rooms with floors at or below grade
level. This can be controlled for with a barrier – most often 6mm film
of polyethylene.
• Subfloors – materials may be required to control for moisture and
level the surface.
• An existing floor can be used as substrate so long as it is level and
the surface material is stabilized.
“PLASTICS!”
WHY PLASTIC?
•
•
•
•
•
•
There are many different types of plastics
From the Greek word “plastikos,” meaning something that is
malleable or easily changed
The modern connotation of plastic means products manufactured
from polymer resins by heating, shaping using various types of
molds, and then cooling
Can be recyclable and/or made from recycled content
As an interior designer, you are also interested in PERFORMANCE.
Affordable in terms of price
CHARACTERISTICS OF PLASTIC
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
ALL types can be molded, pressed, extruded, or cast so that can be
made into any form or shape
Transparent Polymer resins have no intrinsic color, so plastic
products can be more transparent than glass
Vibrant colorants can be easily added to polymer resins
Flexible, pliable, non-breakable
Strong, durable, so plastic products do not wear out, although
aspects of their appearance can degrade over time
Lightweight
Corrosion and moisture resistant
CLASSIFICATIONS
THERMOPLASTICS
• Can be altered in post production with the application of heat,
although they can emit toxic gasses during that process.
• Seams and joints in thermoplastic flooring can be heat welded or
chemically bonded, making them a good choice for areas with
stringent hygiene guidelines and require a continuous surface.
TYPES: Acrylic, Vinyl, Polyolefin, Nylon
THERMOSET
• Their shape cannot be altered in post production.
• More rigid, dimensionally stable, and may have a glossy surface.
• Although they are more durable, they are known to be more brittle
TYPES: Melamine, Epoxy, Polyurethane
APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERIOR
HARD FLOORING
• Plastic laminate (resin)
• Poured epoxy
WALL COVERINGS
• Vinyl wall covering
• Plastic panels
COUNTERTOPS
• Solid surface (acrylic/polyester)
• Plastic laminate (melamine resin)
RESILIENT FLOORING
• Types previously covered
ACRYLIC
SOLID SURFACE
APPLICATIONS & CHARACTERISTICS
• Countertops, signage, wall panels, and tub/shower surrounds
• Some are thermoplastic and some are thermoset. Available in
sheets with a range of thicknesses: ¼”, ½”, ¾”, and 1-1/4.”
• Commonly used for countertops, but is also used for signage, wall
panels, tub/shower surrounds, or other molded objects.
• Usually composed of bauxite (a soft, clay-like substance), acrylic or
polyester resins, pigment, marble dust, quartz dust, and glass
fibers.
• Each brand has a different composition.
• Natural quartz combined with polyester resins is also referred to as
Engineered Stone. Surfaces are non-porous and do not require
sealant, in contrast with natural stone.
• Engineered stone is more stain resistant due to its polyester
content, but also more difficult to fabricate.
SOLID SURFACE COLORS & BRANDS
CORIAN COUNTERTOPS
•
Much more expensive than laminate, almost as expensive as stone depending on the color & pattern
PLASTIC LAMINATE FLOORING
APPLICATIONS & CHARACTERISTICS
• Good for use in areas where real wood may not be preferable or
places where you are going over existing floors.
• Constructed in sheets, then cut into planks with tongue and groove
edges that snap together and are not adhered to substrate.
• Basically the same as laminate for countertops but more resistant
to abrasion and more durable
• Can also be stained
Wear layer
2. Photographic paper layer
3. Core of a composite wood product
4. Wear layer
1.
a.
b.
Melamine: hard and scratch resistant
Polyester stain and chemical resistant
High-pressure laminate: a thin sheet/thickness/gloss/matte/textured
Low-pressure laminate (melamine): adhered on a substrate
INSTALLATION & MAINTENANCE
Place a vapor barrier on the floor before installation
• Cannot be refinished and partially replaced like real wood
• Should not be cleaned with water because can de-laminate if exposed to water
•
POURED EPOXY FLOORING
FEATURES & CHARACTERISTICS
• A liquid epoxy matrix is poured or hand troweled onto the
substrate.
• Contains synthetic aggregates
• Known for its chemical resistance, durability and water resistance
• Often seamless, but certain types can be seamed with steel or
metal edging
• Excellent for high traffic areas
EPOXY TERRAZZO
• More decorative version of poured epoxy flooring
• Uses epoxy instead of a cementitious product as a matrix with an
aggregate of granite, marble, glass, or synthetic resin;
• Does not degrade with heavy use
• Comes in many colors
• Contains recycled content
VINYL WALL COVERING
APPLICATIONS & CHARACTERISTICS
• Composed of PVC (polyvinyl chloride), plasticizers, stabilizers,
pigment, fillers, and additives
• Commercial wall coverings are typically sold in 54” widths
INSTALLATION
• Walls for the vinyl wallcovering must be clean, dry, no
mold/mildew/stains
• Apply paste (adhesive) to either the back of wallcovering sheets or
to the wall (dry hung)
• Can be butt-jointed (no overlapping seams) or the seams can be
overlapped and trimmed after installation
• May need to match patterns
VINYL WALL COVERING
SPECIFICATIONS (COMMERCIAL GRADE)
• CFFA (Chemical Fabrics and Film Association)
Type I : 12-18 oz. per lineal yard; produced on scrim or
nonwoven fabric backing; for light-duty for offices, hotels,
patient rooms
Type II: 18-25 oz. per lineal yard (19.5 to 32); produced
on Osnaburg or nonwoven fabric backing; for mediumduty, for reception areas, corridors, classrooms.
Type III: – over 24 oz. per lineal yard (over 33); produced
on drill backing; for heavy-duty application; like hospital
corridors. not typically available but can be specially
ordered
Federal specifications (FS CCC W 408D) define these categories
by strength, not weight
• Commercial vinyl wallcovering is labeled according to flamespread rating, class A/B/C based on the Steiner Tunnel Test
•
PLASTIC WALL PANELS
APPLICATIONS & CHARACTERISTICS
• Work as room dividers providing privacy, visual interest, and
opportunities for functional applications (wipe-off boards)
• Easy to clean and also good for areas with stringent hygiene
standards
• Available in a multitude of colors, textures, and prints
• Commercial manufacturers include: Knoll, DesignTex, 3Form, and
Panelite (3Form sample library is available in the materials lab!)
FIBERGLASS REINFORCED PLASTIC (FRP)
•
•
•
•
•
•
As functional panels,
Moisture proof
impact resistant
Can be textured (usually pebbled surface) or smooth
Can be attached to a wall with adhesive or mechanical fasteners
Seams are covered with PVC moldings
PLASTIC LAMINATE COUNTERTOPS
FEATURES & APPLICATIONS
• Cost-effective material for countertops
• Made from layers of paper products covered in resins; layers are
fused together under heat and pressure
• Hard, durable, heat resistant, water resistant
• Can have a texture embossed into the wear layer
• Digital images can be incorporated into layer beneath top coating
• Fabric or wood veneer may be laminated to the paper layers
• Can be also used for backsplashes, vertical surfaces such as
walls and doors, signage as well as flooring with a different
layering of materials
•
Custom Laminates: Manufacturers can place the custom
artwork on the decorative layer of a laminate product for the
special order
PLASTIC LAMINATE COUNTERTOPS
FEATURES & APPLICATIONS
• Available several patterns and finishes (including glossy finishes)
• Raised patterns and solid colors
• Exposed edges
• Plastic laminated must be adhered to a substrate, such as plywood,
particle board, fiberboard, or hardboard
• Raised patterns and solid colors should not be used for countertops
because they will be more likely to show wear over time
• Must have a trim applied to cover edges when used on a flat surface
CHAPTER 7 & 8: RESILIENT
FLOORING & PLASTICS
Materials & Textiles
Adrienne Wright
Fall 2020
Materials & Textiles
Lecture Guide: Chapter 7 & 8 – Resilient Flooring and Plastics
Fall 2020
RESILIENT FLOORING
Resilient flooring combines the
of a hard flooring surface with the ability
to recover from indentions caused by
or
.
List some general characteristics of resilient flooring:
1.
2.
3.
FLOORING TYPES:
LINOLEUM
Linoleum is a
product, formed from
,
,
, and other ingredients that are
applied to a natural backing such as jute.
List some general characteristics of linoleum flooring:
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
List some common applications for linoleum flooring:
CORK & LEATHER
Cork is a
Can be purchased in
product, harvested from
or
.
.
1
List some general characteristics of cork flooring types:
9.
10.
11.
List some features of cork flooring:
Describe the pros and cons of using leather flooring.
VINYL TILE FLOORING
What does it mean for a vinyl product to be “through color” or “contain pattern throughout”?
Briefly describe features, disadvantages, and specification criteria (where applicable) for each type:
Vinyl Composition Tile (VCT)
Solid Vinyl Tile (SVT)
Luxury Vinyl Tile (LVT)
2
Sheet Vinyl
•
Residential grade
Sheet Vinyl
•
Commercial grade
RUBBER FLOORING
Rubber is a
substance, harvested from Rubber trees in the Amazon
Rainforest. But in modern use, it is completely
in terms of make-up.
List some features of rubber flooring:
SITE CONSIDERATIONS
Name some potential issues regarding the installation of resilient flooring. As designers, what must
conditions must we control for when overseeing the installation process?
3
PLASTICS!
Plastic is composed of
give the plastic its distinct
, or long structures of molecules. These chains
, which determine the appropriate use.
WHY PLASTIC? Describe the benefits of choosing this material. Conversely, what are some of the
negative connotations associate with plastic? What are manufacturers doing to counteract environmental
impacts?
List some general characteristics of plastic material:
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
List and describe the two main classifications of plastic and their types:
Briefly describe common applications for plastic in the interior environment:
Briefly describe features, disadvantages, and specification criteria (where applicable) for each type:
Acrylic
4
Solid Surface (include Engineered Stone)
Plastic Laminate Flooring
Poured Epoxy Flooring
Vinyl Wall Covering (Commercial Grade)
Plastic Laminate Countertops
REFLECTION:
What was the most interesting thing about the materials in this lecture? How will you apply your new
knowledge of the material in your current studio project?
Additionally, based on the lecture, what maintenance considerations or issues do you foresee as a result of
using resilient flooring or plastic materials?
5

Purchase answer to see full
attachment

Tags:
Resilient Flooring and Plastics

characteristics of linoleum flooring

Plastic Laminate Flooring

Poured Epoxy Flooring

resistant to corrosion and moisture

User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following Studypool’s honor code & terms of service.